{"id":828,"date":"2012-03-01T15:06:07","date_gmt":"2012-03-01T20:06:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/?p=828"},"modified":"2024-04-08T14:11:05","modified_gmt":"2024-04-08T18:11:05","slug":"cardiac-death-of-the-young","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/2012\/03\/01\/cardiac-death-of-the-young\/","title":{"rendered":"Can Sudden Cardiac Death of the Young be Prevented?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>A Michigan Story on Lessons Learned and Action Steps to Take<\/h2>\n<p>The winter months have arrived and with them comes a certain madness, specifically March Madness.\u00a0 On March 12, 2012 the NCAA men\u2019s college basketball tournament will commence.\u00a0 Most of the focus will be on cheering for the teams we picked to win our brackets; however, as Michigan learned last year,\u00a0this isn\u2019t the only thing we need to focus on.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/files\/2012\/02\/basketball2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-884\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/files\/2012\/02\/basketball2-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"kids playing basketball\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2012\/02\/basketball2-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2012\/02\/basketball2.jpg 382w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a>On March 3, 2011, with less than 30 seconds left in overtime in Fennville High School\u2019s final regular season men\u2019s basketball game, a winning layup was scored that brought Fennville\u2019s team an undefeated record.\u00a0 With district playoffs in Fennville\u2019s future, the gymnasium was full of celebration.\u00a0 Within moments, the crowd went silent as their star player collapsed to the ground.\u00a0 Wes Leonard, the player who had scored the winning basket moments before\u00a0was now unconscious.\u00a0 Over 2,000 fans stood stunned, waiting for paramedics to arrive.\u00a0 Although an AED was present at the school, it was not charged and CPR was not performed because people did not think that cardiac arrest could be at fault in someone so young.\u00a0 Wes was later declared dead at a local hospital and the autopsy showed that he died of cardiac arrest due to an enlarged heart.<\/p>\n<p>Sudden deaths of young athletes bring attention to an important public health problem known as sudden cardiac death of the young (SCDY), which occurs in non-athletes, too.\u00a0 On average, an estimated 66 athletes <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed?term=19221222\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">die suddenly of cardiac cause each year in the United States.<\/a> \u00a0 Each year in Michigan alone, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.michigan.gov\/documents\/mdch\/SCDYReportfinalJan09_269478_7.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">approximately 300 people aged 1-39 years die suddenly of a cardiac cause.<\/a> Importantly, SCDY is known to have a strong hereditary component in many cases.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.michigan.gov\/mdch\/0,1607,7-132-2942_4911_4916-85137--,00.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH) Genomics Program<\/a>, with\u00a0support from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/genomics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CDC\u2019s Office of Public Health Genomics<\/a>, has been working since 2005 with a motivated group of experts and advocates to assess the impact of SCDY and identify action steps for prevention. Multiple data sources have been used to gather information about the burden, impact and causes of SCDY in\u00a0Michigan.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Based on death certificates, 3,134 SCDY cases were found between 1999-2009; of these, 2,179 occurred in males, 1,089 in blacks, and 1,488 occurred in people aged \u00a035-39 years.<\/li>\n<li>Based on a statewide random digit-dialed telephone survey called the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.michigan.gov\/mdch\/0,1607,7-132-2945_5104_5279_39424---,00.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michigan Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.michigan.gov\/documents\/mdch\/SCDBRFS_269833_7.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the proportion of adults in Michigan with a family history of SCDY was found to be 6.3%.\u00a0 Of adults reporting a family history, 35.5% had an immediate relative and 26.2% had multiple relatives.\u00a0 Blacks had the highest reported rate of SCDY family history at 11.2%<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Based on an expert mortality review system created to investigate in detail recent cases of SCDY in an effort to identify possible patient-, provider-, and system-level changes to prevent future deaths, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.michigan.gov\/documents\/mdch\/SCDYReportfinalJan09_269478_7.pdf\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">21 action steps were identified in the following five areas of need:<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>pre-participation sports screening<\/li>\n<li>provider education and public awareness<\/li>\n<li>public awareness of cardiac symptoms and CPR\/AED training<\/li>\n<li>emergency response protocols<\/li>\n<li>medical examiner protocols<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/files\/2012\/02\/EKGRunning3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-889\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/files\/2012\/02\/EKGRunning3-300x249.jpg\" alt=\"person running with EKG graph\" width=\"300\" height=\"249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2012\/02\/EKGRunning3-300x249.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2012\/02\/EKGRunning3.jpg 451w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>An action step for pre-participation sports screening was to \u201cmake formal recommendations to the Michigan High School Athletic Association (MHSAA) to revise [the] sports participation screening and physical form\u201d.\u00a0 MDCH led a work group with more than 55 partners to recommend a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mhsaa.com\/News\/BlogFromtheDirector\/tabid\/67\/articleType\/ArticleView\/articleId\/266\/Screening-Participants.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new form<\/a>\u00a0that included personal history, family history, and physical exam questions on SCDY risk factors to the athletic association in 2009 and 2010.<\/p>\n<p>The form includes two new sections.\u00a0 The first is called \u201cHeart Health Questions About You\u201d and includes questions on pressure or tightness in the chest, irregular heartbeats, lightheadedness, unexplained seizures and more.\u00a0 The second section is called \u201cHeart Health Questions About Your Family\u201d and includes questions on family history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, long QT, heart problems, pacemaker, unexplained fainting, early death from a cardiac cause, and more.<\/p>\n<p>The MHSAA approved these recommendations in 2010 and implemented use of the form for the 2011-12 academic year, when approximately 400,000 of these forms were distributed., and the implementation of this action step has resulted in thousands of parents being asked about family history of SCDY, as well as assessing the student athlete\u2019s personal history of cardiac symptoms.<\/p>\n<p>The new form is aligned with the 2010 American Academy of Family Physicians, American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Sports Medicine and others\u2019 recommended Preparticipation History and Physical Form, and with the 2007 American Heart Association 12-point screening protocol.<\/p>\n<p>SCDY is a grave public health concern.\u00a0 It is the hope of MDCH and its partners that the work that is being done will help prevent a future \u201cWes Leonard Story\u201d.\u00a0 For more information about SCDY and Michigan\u2019s prevention efforts, please visit: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.michigan.gov\/scdy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.michigan.gov\/scdy<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Michigan Story on Lessons Learned and Action Steps to Take The winter months have arrived and with them comes a certain madness, specifically March Madness.\u00a0 On March 12, 2012 the NCAA men\u2019s college basketball tournament will commence.\u00a0 Most of the focus will be on cheering for the teams we picked to win our brackets;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":122,"featured_media":884,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5236,31862],"tags":[5754,5726,31856,5747,5755,5752,5753],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/828"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/122"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=828"}],"version-history":[{"count":84,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/828\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5455,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/828\/revisions\/5455"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=828"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=828"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdc.gov\/genomics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=828"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}